L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine.

Perivine may resolve the instability of the retinoblastoma-associated proteins (RbAp48) complex and thus be used in Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Mucic acid is an aldaric acid obtained by nitric acid oxidation of galactose or galactose-containing compounds such as lactose, dulcite, quercite, and most varieties of gum.